Paul’s letter to the Romans has a double character. It addresses gentiles directly at several points in the letter, but never directly addresses Jews as such. Yet it discusses the relation of both Jews and gentiles in salvation, the divine plan for both, and the discussion of the weak and the strong in chapters 14-15 seems to imply a context in which both Jews and gentiles interact closely with each other. The abundance of scriptural citations in chs.9-11, and ch.15 suggests a context in which a knowledge of scripture is assumed. In view of this, some recent publications maintain an entirely gentile audience as the addressees of Romans. The thesis of this paper is that Paul does address his letter to the gentiles, who may have belonged either to house or tenement churches. But it is argued that these also were in close contact with Jews, including Christ-following Jews whether these worshipped in synagogues or in private houses. The address to ‘all God’s Beloved’ in chapter 1 and the lack of any mention here of ekklesia, may indicate a letter primarily addressed to gentiles who lived and interacted directly with Jews; the diversity in meeting places (and leadership) may help to explain Paul’s inclusive language and a certain blurring of boundaries amongst the diverse groups.